Risk Factors

The following are the leading risk factors for developing osteoporosis:

  • being female
  • thin and/or small frame
  • advanced age
  • a family history of osteoporosis
  • a personal history of previous fracture
  • post-menopause, including early or surgically-induced menopause
  • abnormal absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea)
  • anorexia nervosa or bulimia
  • a diet low in calcium and/or vitamin D
  • use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids and anti-convulsants
  • low testosterone levels in men
  • an inactive lifestyle
  • cigarette smoking
  • excessive use of alcohol
  • being Caucasian or Asian, although African Americans and Hispanic Americans are at significant risk as well.